Nature Environment and Pollution Technology

A. V. Mane ¹, M. S. Ambawade ¹, G. R. Pathade ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Environmental Sciences, Fergusson College, Pune-411-004, Maharashtra, IN
2 Department of Biotechnology, Fergusson College, Pune-411 004, Maharashtra, IN

Abstract

The seeds of Triticum aestivum var. MP LOK1 were sown in earthen pots and cadmium chloride treatment was given. The plants were treated with increasing concentrations of cadmium chloride i.e., 25, 50 and 100 ppm. The aim of this work was to determine the effects of cadmium chloride on the photosynthetic pigments, polyphenol, proline and antioxidative response in Triticum aestivum. It is evident from the results that chlorophyll content of the wheat was not much affected by the lower levels of cadmium chloride but significantly affected at 100 ppm level. It was slightly increased only at 25 ppm by 5.10%. The polyphenol content of the leaves was increased at 25 and 50 ppm of the cadmium chloride but decreased by 16.54% at 100 ppm of the metal salt. Maximum increase in proline content was found as 27.36% at 100 ppm of cadmium chloride. The increased levels of polyphenols at elevated levels of cadmium chloride might be to tolerate higher levels of cadmium stress. The elevated activities of catalase and peroxidase under metal salt probably came for maintenance of cellular membranes while decrease at elevated levels of cadmium chloride might be due to the toxic nature of cadmium chloride. The details of the parameters studied are discussed in the present paper.

Keywords

Triticum aestivum, Cadmium Chloride, Chlorophylls, Proline, Polyphenols, Antioxidants.

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A. V. Mane ¹, B. A. Karadge ², J. S. Samant ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Environmental Science, Fergusson College, Pune-411 004, Maharashtra, IN
2 Department of Botany, Shivaji University, Kolhapur-416 004, Maharashtra, IN
3 Department of Environmental Science, Shivaji University, Kolhapur-416 004, Maharashtra, IN

Abstract

Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses that adversely affect crop productivity and quality, and puts various problems to the plants either at the population, organism or even at the molecular level. In the present investigation seedlings of Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle, Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) Spreng var. Mourdy and Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash were treated with increasing concentrations of sodium chloride i.e., 25, 50, 100, 200 and 300 mM and changes in the activities of catalase, peroxidase and acid phosphatase were determined. The activity of catalase was stimulated by 200 and 300 mM NaCl but it was initially decreased at lower levels of salinity. In Cymbopogon (36.30%), Cynodon (3.07%) and Pennisetum (0.94%), it was observed to be increased, while it was decreased in the leaves of Vetiveria (60.38%) at 300 mM NaCl concentration. The elevated activities of CAT under NaCl stress (300 mM and 200 mM) level probably came from an increased capacity for oxygen radical scavenging and maintenance of cellular membranes which indicates the relationship between salt tolerance and antioxidant defence system. The details of the activities of other two enzymes are discussed in the present paper.

Keywords

Salinity Stress, Grass Species, Peroxidase, Catalase, Acid Phosphatase.

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